The Effect of Nurses' Involvement in Disaster Risk Reduction on Hospital Emergency Response Efficiency at Federal Medical Centre, Makurdi
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Background of the Study
Disaster risk reduction (DRR) is an essential approach to minimizing the impact of disasters on healthcare systems. It involves proactive measures such as risk assessment, early warning systems, emergency preparedness, and resilience building (United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction [UNDRR], 2024). Nurses, being integral to hospital operations, play a critical role in DRR by identifying potential hazards, educating communities, and implementing emergency protocols. Studies indicate that hospitals with active nurse involvement in DRR are better equipped to handle emergencies efficiently, reducing casualties and operational disruptions (Olawale & Bello, 2023).
Federal Medical Centre (FMC), Makurdi, is a major referral hospital in Benue State, often dealing with disaster-related cases such as floods, disease outbreaks, and fire incidents. Despite the recognized importance of DRR in healthcare settings, the extent to which nurses participate in risk reduction activities and its impact on hospital emergency response efficiency remains unclear. Existing literature suggests that hospitals with inadequate DRR measures experience higher patient mortality rates, longer response times, and increased staff burnout during disasters (Adebayo et al., 2024).
Given the vulnerability of Benue State to flooding and other disasters, this study seeks to examine how nurses' involvement in DRR influences the hospital's ability to respond effectively to emergencies. The findings will provide insights into the role of nurses in strengthening hospital disaster preparedness and response systems.
Statement of the Problem
Despite increasing global emphasis on disaster risk reduction, many hospitals in Nigeria still lack structured DRR frameworks, leaving them vulnerable to emergencies. At FMC, Makurdi, nurses are often on the frontline of emergency response, yet their involvement in proactive DRR measures is not well documented. A lack of nurse participation in risk reduction may lead to delayed responses, inadequate resource allocation, and increased patient mortality during disasters. Additionally, factors such as insufficient training, lack of policy support, and inadequate hospital infrastructure may hinder nurses’ contributions to DRR efforts. This study aims to evaluate the extent to which nurses’ involvement in DRR influences hospital emergency response efficiency and identify strategies to strengthen their role.
Objectives of the Study
1. To assess the effect of nurses' involvement in disaster risk reduction on hospital emergency response efficiency at FMC, Makurdi.
2. To identify the challenges limiting nurses’ participation in DRR activities.
3. To propose strategies for enhancing nurse-led DRR initiatives in hospital settings.
Research Questions
1. How does nurses’ involvement in disaster risk reduction impact hospital emergency response efficiency?
2. What challenges do nurses face in participating in DRR activities?
3. What strategies can be implemented to enhance nurse-led DRR initiatives in hospitals?
Research Hypotheses
1. Nurses' active involvement in disaster risk reduction significantly improves hospital emergency response efficiency.
2. Challenges such as inadequate training, lack of institutional support, and resource constraints hinder nurses' participation in DRR.
3. Implementing structured DRR training programs and institutional support frameworks will enhance nurse-led DRR initiatives.
Scope and Limitations of the Study
This study will focus on nurses working in emergency units at FMC, Makurdi, assessing their role in DRR and its impact on hospital response efficiency. Data collection will involve surveys, interviews, and hospital records analysis. Limitations may include variations in disaster experience among nurses and the difficulty in quantifying DRR effectiveness.
Definitions of Terms
• Disaster risk reduction (DRR): A systematic approach to identifying, assessing, and reducing risks associated with disasters to minimize their impact.
• Hospital emergency response efficiency: The ability of a healthcare facility to respond promptly and effectively to disasters.
• Early warning system: A mechanism used to detect potential disasters and alert relevant stakeholders for timely action.
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